The term ‘political unrest’ is broadly defined, covering a broad range of events including demonstrations, strikes and violence. These events are triggered by political or economic factors that undermine people’s quality of life and faith in their government. They are exacerbated by inequality, corruption and political repression.
Political unrest is a critical social issue that has been impacted by numerous drivers, including climate change, rising inequalities and growing distrust of established political systems. Voters have expressed their dissatisfaction at the ballot box by excluding traditional parties and choosing alternatives that promise radical change. While incumbent governments must work to address these underlying issues, new movements need to prove their ability to deliver on promises of change.
Inequality is a key driver of political unrest, as it creates a gap between what people believe they deserve and what they are capable of achieving. This may be a result of an inefficient or corrupt government, but it can also be caused by market failures and environmental hazards. For example, increasing subway fares in Chile have prompted civil unrest as citizens struggle with high utility bills and static wages.
Climate change impacts livelihoods, triggering food shortages and escalating competition for resources. This can lead to riots as citizens demand action and relief. Political oppression can also cause unrest as it deprives individuals of their dignity and humanity. This is illustrated in Dragun’s film El hombre que se convirtió en perro, where the protagonist’s transformation into a dog represents his loss of self-worth and humanity in the face of overwhelming societal pressures.